Monitoring youth with type 1 diabetes is similar to monitoring adults with the condition. What should be monitored and how often? 

Protein in the Urine (microalbuminuria) - Begin testing once the child is 10 years old and has had diabetes for 5 years. 

High Blood Pressure 

• Treat if systolic or diastolic blood pressure is consistently above the 90% percentile for age, sex, and height. 
• Monitoring and treatment for high blood pressure include weight control through diet changes in increased physical activity if tolerated. 
• Medication treatment should be initiated if target blood pressure is not reached within 3-6 months. 

Blood Lipid Disorders 

• If there is a family history of abnormal blood lipids or cardiovascular event before 55 years of age: 
• Fasting lipid profile for children at least 2 years old once blood glucose is under control 
• If there is no family history of abnormal blood lipids: 
• Fasting lipid profile for children at puberty or around 10 years of age 
• Monitor annually if blood lipids are abnormal or every 5 years if blood lipids are within the normal range. 

Eye Health - The first eye exam should be obtained once the child is 10 years old and has had diabetes for 3-5 years. 

Related conditions - Children with type 1 diabetes should be screened soon for celiac disease and thyroid disorders soon after being diagnosed with diabetes.